HSBTE DMLT Ist Semester Syllabus

ENGLISH &COMMUNICATION SKILLS – I

UNIT I

Reading

• · 1.1 Techniques of reading: Skimming and Scanning

• · 1.2 Extensive and Intensive Reading: Textual Study

• · 1.3 Homecoming – R.N. Tagore

• · 1.4 Life Sketch of Sir MokshagundamVisvesvarayya

• · 1.5 Life Sketch of Dr. Abdul Kalam

• · 1.6 Narayan Murthy’s speech at LBSNA, Dehradun

UNIT II

Fundamentals of Communication

• · 2.1 Concept and Process of Communication,

• · 2.2 Types of Communication (Verbal Communication)

• · 2.3 Barriers to Communication

• · 2.4 Speaking Skill: Significance and Essentials of Spoken Communication

• · 2.5 Listening Skill: Significance and Essentials of Listening

UNIT III

Grammar and Usage

• · 3.1 Nouns

• · 3.2 Pronouns

• · 3.3 Articles

• · 3.4 Verbs(Main and Auxiliary)

• · 3.5 Tenses

UNIT IV

Writing Skills

• · 4.1 Significance, essentials, and effectiveness of Written Communication

• · 4.2 Notice Writing

• · 4.3 Official Letters and E-mails.

• · 4.4 Frequently-used Abbreviations used in Letter-Writing

• · 4.5 Paragraph Writing

• · 4.6 Netiquettes

BASIC CHEMISTRY

UNIT I

• 1. Biologically important elements, the study of their atomic number, mass number, atomic mass, equivalent weight & molecular weight—the importance of Basic chemistry in medical laboratory technology.

• 2. Importance of Water quality and Glassware in the clinical laboratory: different types of glassware, use, cleaning, standardization of volumetric glassware & maintenance. Pipettes - various types and different pipetting techniques.

• 3. Biochemical importance of distilled water and deionized water in clinical analysis. Solution and colloids – the importance of colloids in biological systems. Surface tension, osmosis, and viscosity, their importance in biological systems.

UNIT II

Definition of organic and inorganic compounds. Importance of organic compounds – in Biological system. The basic chemistry of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids - Their nutritional effect in humans.

UNIT III

The physiological importance of acids & Bases and the role of pH in the human system. Oxidation and Reduction Reactions –Definition. Preparation of various standard solutions – definition of primary & secondary standards, SI units, and their uses.

UNIT IV

Principles of photometry, Laws of photometry, its importance - quantification of biomolecules in micro concentration. Principles used in determining the concentration of molecules with no known weight - preparation of standard graph.

UNIT V

Blood collection for biochemical analysis, changes occurring in blood after collection, and management of its disposal. Different types of Hazards- Biological, Chemical, fire, and apparatus. Safety measures needed in Basic chemistry and clinical biochemistry laboratory. Assuring Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) in Basic Chemistry.

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY –I

UNIT I

General Anatomy

• · 1.1 Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology.

• -Levels of organization, parts of the human body

• -Major body divisions and sectional divisions

• · 1.2 Basic tissues of the body (Gross structure and functions)

• a) Epithelial tissue

• b) Connective tissue

• c) Muscular tissue

• d) Nervous tissue

UNIT II

Skeletal System

• · 2.1 Gross structure, function, and classification.

• · 2.2 Bones of appendicular and axial skeleton

• a) Bones of Pectoral girdle and upper limbs

• b) Bones of Pelvic girdle and lower limbs.

• · 2.3 Joints & Articulations: Types of joints (Structural and functional classification).

• · 2.4Bones forming major synovial joints (Shoulder, Elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle and intervertebral joints).

UNIT III

Muscular System

• · 3.1 Properties of muscular tissue.

• · 3.2 Classification, structure and functions of muscles.

• - Skeletal muscle

• - Smooth muscle

• - Cardiac muscle

UNIT IV

Cardiovascular System

• · 4.1 Anatomy of heart: External& Internal features of heart, Chambers of heart.

• · 4.2 Blood vessels attached to various chambers of the heart, Coronary vessels & Major arteries and veins of the body.

• · 4.3 Circulation of Blood: Pulmonary, Coronary, and Portal Circulation.

• · 4.4 Blood Pressure: Definition of blood pressure, various terms used in Blood pressure, Factors affecting& controlling Blood pressure.

• · 4.5 Methods and Apparatus for recording blood pressure.

• · 4.6 Introduction to ECG: Basic principles, normal electrocardiogram& grids of ECG paper, electrographic leads, cardiac cycle, and Junctional tissues.

• · 4.7Patient preparation for ECG recording &care and maintenance of ECG machine.

UNIT V

Respiratory System

• · 5.1 Organs of respiration: Upper and lower respiratory tract.

• a) Nose and Paranasal sinuses

• b) Nasopharynx and larynx

• c) Trachea, bronchi and lungs

• · 5.2 Functions and mechanism of the Respiratory system

• · 5.3 Gas exchange in lungs.

• · 5.4 Control of respiration.

• · 5.5 Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

• · 5.6 Respirometery: Procedure, Clinical Applications &Importance

BASIC MICROBIOLOGY

UNIT 1

Introduction to Microbiology with special reference to medical microbiology

• i. Definition, history, and relationship of microorganisms to man.

• ii. Safety guidelines in a microbiology laboratory. Universal precautions.

• iii. Bio-safety cabinets: principle, types of bio-safety cabinets and their applications.

UNIT II

Morphology and physiology of Bacteria

• i. Classification of micro-organisms

• ii. Morphology of Bacteria

• iii. Bacterial cell wall

• iv. Cell wall structures

• v. Physiology of bacteria

• vi. Bacterial growth and nutrition

UNIT III

Sterilization- definition and types of sterilization.

• i. Physical methods of sterilization: Equipments used for sterilization, operation of autoclave and hot air oven, sterilization control, and sterilization indicators. Sterilization by radiation and filtration (membrane).

• ii. Chemical methods of Sterilization: Antiseptics and disinfectants- Definition, types, properties, and uses of common disinfectants and disinfectants (e.g. Formaldehyde, Ethylene oxide, phenol compounds, Alcohol, hypochlorite). Definition of Phenol coefficient and determination Phenol coefficient by Rideal Walker method.

UNIT IV

Microscopy and staining techniques

• i. Handling of a compound microscope. Care and maintenance of different parts of a compound microscope. Principle of working of a fluorescent microscope.

• ii. Staining techniques: Method of smear preparation. Differential staining methods: Gram staining, AFB staining, Albert’s staining, and staining of the capsule. Preparation of staining solutions and their storage.

UNIT V

Culture Media and culture techniques

• i. Definition, synthetic and non-synthetic media. Types of culture media: liquid, and solid media, routine laboratory media (Basal. Enriched, selective, enrichment, indicator, transport, and storage) with two examples of each type.

• ii. Different types of inoculating loops, different types of swabs, and their uses. Types of bacterial culture: broth culture, stab culture, slant culture. Culture techniques: streak plate, pour plate, spreading/ lawn culture, Aerobic and anaerobic culture, Isolation of pure cultures, and disposal of cultures.

INTRODUCTION TO HEMATOLOGY

UNIT I

Introduction to hematology

• · 1.1 Various glassware/plastic-ware used in Haematology Labs. (Hb. Tube, Hb. Pipette, RBC Pipette, WBC Pipette).

• · 1.2 Introduction to blood.

• · 1.3 Definition & Composition

• · 1.4 Cells-WBC (Granulocytes-Neutrophils, Eosinophils& Basophils), (Agranulocytes-Lymphocytes & Monocytes), RBC, Platelets.

• · 1.5 Plasma & its components

• · 1.6 Function-cell functions & plasma functions.

• · 1.7 Formation of blood (Erythropoiesis, Leukopoiesis&Thrombopoiesis)

UNIT II

Anticoagulants

• · 2.1 Definition

• · 2.2 Various types along with their mode of action, merit, and demerit of each Anticoagulant vial

• · 2.3 Difference between Plasma and serum

UNIT III

Venous blood collection

• · 3.1 Venipuncture: materials and equipment required for venipuncture

• · 3.2 Preparation of patients for venipuncture

• · 3.3 Applying tourniquet

• · 3.4 Selection and preparing the venipuncture site

• · 3.5 Performing venipuncture

• · 3.6 Care of venipuncture site

• · 3.7 Disposable of blood, syringes, needles, and lancets.

UNIT IV

The capillary puncture

• · 4.1 Capillary puncture site

• · 4.2 Materials and equipment required for capillary puncture site

• · 4.3 Selecting and preparing the puncture site

• · 4.4 Techniques performing the puncture site

• · 4.5 Collection of blood sample

• · 4.6 Care of the capillary puncture site

• · 4.7 Vacutainer system for blood collection

UNIT V

Romanowsky stains (Leishman, Giemsa)

• · 5.1 Preparation and theory

• · 5.2 Choice of slide and spreader

• · 5.3 Preparation of blood film

• · 5.4 Characteristics of good blood smear

• · 5.5 Examination of blood smear

• · 5.6 Identification of blood cell

FUNDAMENTALS OF MLT

UNIT 1

Basic Training of laboratory technicians

• · 1.1 Basic Ethics of Medical Laboratory Technology

• · 1.2 Training of clinical laboratory technicians.

• · 1.3 Medical laboratory professional - professionalism in laboratory workers,

• · 1.4 Code of conduct and communication between physician and lab technician

Common Lab accidents and ways for prevention

• · 1.5 First aid in the clinical laboratory

• · 1.6 Storage and handling of dangerous chemicals

• · 1.7 Common Laboratory hazards

• · 1.8 Color coding of various Waste disposal containers in the labs

UNIT II

Introduction to Instrumentation in a Medical Laboratory

• · 2.1Introduction to Basic Equipments in MLT

• · 2.2 Different types of syringes used for blood collection.

• · 2.3 Basic requirements of blood collection.

UNIT III

Principle, Care, Procedure, and Application of the Basic Instruments Part-I

• · 3.1 Centrifuge (routine - low and high speed -tabletop)

• · 3.2 Water Bath

• · 3.3 Hot Air Oven

• · 3.4 Incubator

• · 3.5 Colorimeter

• · 3.6 Compound Microscope (Monocular and Binocular)

UNIT IV

Principle, Care & Safe Operating Procedure and Application of the Basic Instruments Part-II

• · 4.1 pH Meter

• · 4.2 Distillation unit

• · 4.3 Balance (Physical and chemical)

• · 4.4 Microtom

• · 4.5 Microbe filters (Seitz, GlassScintered& Membrane)

UNIT V

Principle, Care, Procedure, and Application of the Advanced Instruments

• · 5.1 Refrigerated Centrifuge

• Ultra Centrifuge

• · 5.2 Specialised Incubator

• B.O.D. Incubator

• · 5.3 Special Microscopes

• o A. Dark Field Microscope

• o B. Phase Contrast Microscope

• o C. Fluorescence Microscope

• o D. Electron Microscope

• · 5.4Tissue Processing Unit

• · 5.5BiochemistryAnalyzer

• · 5.6Laminar Air Flow Hood& their Different Types

• · 5.7Haematology Cell Counter